Fabrication and structure optimization of expanded polystyrene (EPS) waste fiber for high-performance air filtration

Abstract

Recycling waste polymer into a high-value product is a challenge the community faces. Therefore, we presented an approach to transform expanded polystyrene (EPS) into a high-value product of air filter media using multi-input needleless electrospinning. An optimum combination of large and small fiber diameter could produce an air filter with a filtration efficiency of up to 99.4%. The high filtration efficiency followed by the low pressure drop between 48 and 58 Pa (face velocity at 5.3 cm/s) resulted in a quality factor (QF) of 0.099 Pa−1, which is as good as the QF of the conventional electrospinning-air filter. The EPS-based air filter had a hydrophobic surface suitable for making a good face mask filter. In sum, the results of this study could give a comprehensive understanding of structural modification of EPS-based air filter properties and a significant impact on the development of large-scale air filter production for the face mask.