Abstract
Carbon nanofiber (CNF) is one of the stiffest materials produced commercially, having excellent mechanical, electrical, and thermal properties. The reinforcement of rubbery matrices by CNFs was studied in the case of ethylene vinyl acetate (EVA). The tensile strength was greatly (61%) increased, even for very low fiber content (i.e., 1.0 wt.%). The surface modification of the fiber by high energy electron beam and gamma irradiation led to better dispersion in the rubber matrix. This in turn gave rise to further improvements in mechanical and dynamic mechanical properties of EVA. The thermal conductivity also exhibited improvements from that of the neat elastomer, although thermal stability of the nanocomposites was not significantly altered by the functionalization of CNFs. Various results were well supported by the morphological analysis of the nanocomposites.
Highlights
Carbon nanofibers (CNFs) that are much smaller than conventional carbon fibers but significantly larger than carbon nanotubes (CNTs) can be used to produce nanocomposites with excellent properties, which may open up many new applications
It can be seen that the CNFs are well dispersed in the ethylene vinyl acetate (EVA) matrix up to 4 wt.% loading there is presence of a few agglomerates
The amount of defects on CNFs has been estimated by calculating the ID/IG intensity ratio from the Raman spectra, where, ID and IG are the intensities of well-known D and G band peaks of carbon materials, respectively
Summary
Carbon nanofibers (CNFs) that are much smaller than conventional carbon fibers but significantly larger than carbon nanotubes (CNTs) can be used to produce nanocomposites with excellent properties, which may open up many new applications. The quality of the nanofiber dispersion in the polymer matrix is observed by TEM and is correlated with the mechanical, dynamic mechanical, and thermal properties to Nanoscale Res Lett (2008) 3:508–515 provide insight into the role of the CNF surface modification and interfacial interactions on the ultimate properties of the resultant nanocomposites. The effects of various high-energy treatments of CNFs on the tensile properties of EVA nanocomposites are displayed in Fig. 2b and c.
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