Abstract
Line following and obstacle avoidance are essential functionalities in robotics. A Line Following Robot utilizes arrays of optical sensors to track and follow lines autonomously. Equipped with four sensors, it ensures precise movement along the line. DC gear motors drive its wheels, controlled by an Arduino Uno interfacing algorithms for speed regulation and steering. Additionally, an LCD interface displays the traveled distance. This versatile robot finds applications in industrial automation, household tasks, and guiding systems in museums. Conversely, an obstacle avoidance robotic vehicle, built with an ATmega328 microcontroller and ultrasonic sensors, demonstrates intelligent navigation. When obstacles are detected, the microcontroller redirects the vehicle by actuating motors through a motor driver. Unlike infrared sensors, the ultrasonic sensors offer compatibility and reliability. This project amalgamates both functionalities to create a comprehensive robotic system capable of navigating along lines while autonomously avoiding obstacles. Key components include the Arduino UNO, motor shield L293d, ultrasonic sensor HC-SR04, DC motors, and servo motor.represents a significant leap towards a future where vehicles navigate with unprecedented efficiency and safety, heralding a new era of transportation. Keywords: Line Following Robot, Optical Sensors, DC Gear Motors, Arduino Uno.
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