Abstract
BackgroundElectrospun fibrous matrices are of great importance for tissue engineering and drug delivery device. However, relatively low mechanical strength of the fibrous matrix is one of the major disadvantages. NDs with a positive charge were selected to enhance the mechanical property of a composited fibrous matrix by inducing the intermolecular interaction between NDs and polymer chain. We prepared ND-composited poly (ε-caprolactone) (PCL) fibrous matrices by electrospinning and evaluated their performance in terms of mechanical strength and cell behaviors.MethodsA predetermined amounts of NDs (0.5, 1, 2 and 3 wt%) were added into PCL solution in a mixture of chloroform and 2,2,2-trifluoroethanol (8:2). ND-composited PCL (ND/PCL) fibrous matrices were prepared by electrospinning method. The tensile properties of the ND/PCL fibrous matrices were analyzed by using a universal testing machine. Mouse calvaria-derived preosteoblast (MC3T3-E1) was used for cell proliferation, alkaline phosphatase (ALP) assay, and Alizarin Red S staining.ResultsThe diameters of the fibrous matrices were adjusted to approximately 1.8 μm by changing process variables. The intermolecular interaction between NDs and PCL polymers resulted in the increased tensile strength and the favorable interfacial adhesion in the ND/PCL fibrous matrices. The ND/PCL fibrous matrix with 1 wt% of ND had the highest tensile strength among the samples and also improved proliferation and differentiation of MC3T3-E1 cells.ConclusionsCompared to the other samples, the ND/PCL fibrous matrix with 1 wt% of ND concentration exhibited superior performances for MC3T3 cells. The ND/PCL fibrous matrix can be potentially used for bone and dental tissue engineering.
Highlights
Electrospun fibrous matrices are of great importance for tissue engineering and drug delivery device
The higher contrast of the ND-composited PCL (ND/PCL) fibrous matrices with the higher ND concentrations suggested the successful incorporation of NDs in each matrix
To evaluate the effect of ND concentration on the tensile strength and cellular activity, the diameters of PCL and ND/PCL fibers were adjusted to approximately 1.8 μm by changing the flow rate and applied voltage in the electrospinning setup, because relatively thick fiber can facilitate cell proliferation [31, 32]
Summary
Electrospun fibrous matrices are of great importance for tissue engineering and drug delivery device. We prepared ND-composited poly (ε-caprolactone) (PCL) fibrous matrices by electrospinning and evaluated their performance in terms of mechanical strength and cell behaviors. Ma et al reported enzymatic degradable hydrogels based on collagen and alendronate conjugated HAp nanoparticles. These hydrogels demonstrated excellent biocompatibility and promoted the adhesion and proliferation of MC3T3-E1 cells [9]. Yang et al were successful in coating electrospun poly(ε-caprolactone) (PCL) with a thin layer of calcium phosphate for bone tissue engineering [10]. Rajzer et al prepared an electrospun bi-layer fibrous scaffold using PCL and gelatin modified with calcium phosphate for bone mineralization [11]. The materials for the enhancement of osteoconduction have been limited to inorganics such as HAp and calcium phosphates
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