Fabrication and optimization of bi-quad antenna and energy-efficient balanced RF power amplifier for 5G-LTE multi-carrier applications

Abstract

Wireless technology is presently one of the most actively researched fields of digital communication systems. Wireless communication technologies are insufficient without an understanding of antenna design and operation. A wide range of radio frequency equipment, including microwave antennas, microwave ovens, cordless telephones, and medical devices, utilize the 2.4 GHz band. In this article, a parabolic mesh dish was used to build and improve a bi-quad antenna with a central working frequency of 2.445 GHz. The bi-quad antenna was put in a parabolic mesh dish to optimize wave propagation. The findings show that the antenna obtained a signal strength range of 70% to 80%, increasing the directivity of WLAN coverage. The bi-quad antenna feed was placed in the center of a mesh dish, which assists in focusing radio waves onto the antenna. The bi-quad antenna outperformed the omnidirectional antenna, which had a signal strength of 56%. The results of each antenna test were separately simulated in MATLAB. The combined impact of bi-quad and parabolic was then duplicated using mathematical models, resulting in a unique waveform propagation pattern known as para-quad, which improved performance. A balanced RF power amplifier was conceived and built in this study. A 2.620 - 2.690GHz frequency range on a large signal Si-LDMOS transistor model achieves 53% PAE, 41dBm power output, and 14 dB gain at the P1dB saturation point.