Fabrication and Optical Characterization of Gelatin-Based Phantoms for Tissue Oximetry.

Abstract

The realistic tissue mimicking gelatin-based phantoms with intralipid (4% v/v) and/or hemoglobins (oxy-, deoxyhemoglobins, and MetHb) were molded between two coverslips separated by 2-mm wires. The hemoglobin solutions were prepared by dissolving the lyophilized human hemoglobin powder (H7379, Sigma-Aldrich) in the deionized water. Sodium dithionite (85% purity, 157,953, Sigma-Aldrich) was used to reduce MetHb solution. The phantoms were imaged using a multispectral imaging device (Oxilight, Canada).To demonstrate the utility, the developed approach is applied to emulate elevated systemic MetHb content. Initial results show that elevated systemic MetHb (2.0-6.7% of total blood) does not impact the accuracy of tissue oximetry imaging. A robust method for fabrication and optical validation of biocompatible tissue-mimicking phantoms has been developed.The proposed phantom design allows combining different phantoms into multilayer (sandwich) structures, which can be used to emulate a wide range of topical and systemic conditions.