Abstract
Polymeric magnetic nanoparticles due to their ability in overcoming drug retention in targeted organs have been noticed for localized drug delivery. Methotrexate (MTX) is one of the most frequently used chemotherapeutic agent and disease modifying anti-rheumatic drug with high hydrophilicity feature which leads to its rapid clearance even in local injections. The aim of this study is to prepare and evaluate MTX-loaded PLGA magnetic nanoparticles (MPNPs) to overcome these obstacles. MPNPs were prepared using double emulsion-solvent evaporation method and characterized. The particles size, morphology, magnetization saturation, drug and magnetite encapsulation efficiency, MTX release pattern from particles and cytotoxicity were evaluated. Using different drug to polymer ratio, PVA concentration and stirring speed, the minimum particle size of 390 nm was acquired. Approximately, 94.57% drug encapsulation efficiency resulted by further optimization. These particles have magnetization saturation of about 43emu/g with no remanence time and showed similar cell cytotoxicity in comparison with MTX solution. Considering the appropriate in vitro properties of selected MPNPs for magnetically guided drug targeting, it seems that promising results in reducing MTX side effects maybe expectable in further in vivo studies.
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