Abstract
Problem statement: Thermal Energy Storage (TES) process can reduce the time or rate mismatch between energy supply and energy demand. Organic latent heat materials are suitable to use as storage medium, however, the low thermal conductivity of these materials slow the thermal response during charging and discharging processes. Approach: A solar air heater integrated with (PCM) has been designed, fabricated and tested indo or. The system consists of top glazed isolated duct , air pump and array of PCM capsules plays to absorb the radiation and storing the thermal energy to discharge to demand when no radiation. Two cases were tested for storage medium used pure paraffin wax and paraffin wax-aluminum composite, the aluminum mass fraction was 0.5% and powder particulate size was 70 �m. Most of these experiments focused on discharge p rocess. The outlet air temperature and thermal storage efficiency of the s ystem has been studied. Results: Experimental results indicated that the charging time was reduce d by approximately 70% when used the paraffin wax-aluminum composite. The thermal storage efficiency reached the maximum magnitudes 71.9 and 77.18% at mass flow rates 0.05 and 0.07 kg sec -1 for pure paraffin wax and the compound respectively. Conclusion: The discharging time was reduced by adding aluminum powder in the wax. The storage efficiency was increased after adding a luminum powder. The encapsulation procedure in this work was also explained.
Highlights
Thermal energy storage becomes more important where the energy source intermittent such as solar
The thermal energy storage can be used in places where there is a variation in solar energy may by clouds like tropical areas or in areas where there is a high difference of temperature between day and night like desert areas
In field of solar heating systems, water is still used as a heat storage material in liquid based systems, while a rock bed is used for air based system, but when you compare the volume requirements for the storage of heat energy between water and phase change material like Glauber’s salt, you will see that the water heat storage requires almost five times amount of space as the Glauber’s salt heat storage, this space savings would result in reduced costs for insulation and construction
Summary
Thermal energy storage becomes more important where the energy source intermittent such as solar. Fatah (1995), developed a small and simple solar air heater integrated with thermal energy storage system. The results indicated that the heater filled with PCMs with 51 and 43°C melting temperatures gives the best performance, otherwise the system daily average efficiency varies between 27 and 63% depending on the PCM melting temperature, solar intensity and system air flow resistance. Sci., 7 (6): 542-546, 2011 material energy storage used the paraffin wax as a PCM, under natural environmental conditions involving ambient temperature variations in the range 19-41°C and daily global irradiation in the range 4.9-19.96 MJ m−2. A solar air heater integrated with PCM unit has been designed and fabricated. The experiments were carried out in indoor condition and parameters were measured by varying the mass flow rate of air
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