Abstract
In this study, we prepared highly ordered TiO2 nanotube arrays on Ti through an anodizing process. Then, utilizing its proven antibacterial properties, we coated our TiO2 nanotubes (TiO2-NTs) with ZnO using the sol–gel method. We characterized the morphology, structure, and composition of the ZnO-coated TiO2 nanotubes (ZnO-TNTs) using field-emission scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, and energy dispersive spectroscopy, respectively. We investigated surface topography and roughness of the coatings by atomic force microscopy operated in the tapping mode. Our results revealed impurity-free, anatase-phase TiO2 nanotubes that are uniformly coated with a ZnO layer. Finally, we tested the antibacterial activity of ZnO-TNTs against Staphylococcus aureus, and found ZnO-TNTs significantly improved the antibacterial properties of Ti implants. We conclude that ZnO-TNTs provide Ti with antibacterial activity, which highlights its potential in orthopedic and dental implants.
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