Abstract
We develop and characterize a UV ablation technique that can be used to pattern soft materials such as polymers and nonlinear molecules self-assembled over silica microstructures. Using this method, we fabricate a spatially periodic coating of nonlinear film over a thin silica fiber taper for second harmonic generation (SHG). Experimentally, we find that the second harmonic signal produced by the taper with periodic nonlinear coating is 15 times stronger than the same taper with uniform nonlinear coating, which suggests that quasi-phase-matching is at least partially achieved in the patterned nonlinear silica taper. The same technique can also be used to spatially pattern other types of functional nanomaterials over silica microstructures with curved surfaces, as demonstrated by deposition of gold nanoparticles in patterned structures.
Highlights
Silica glass, with extremely low material absorption, is one of the most important materials for photonics and optoelectronics
As a proof of concept demonstration of patterned NP deposition, in this paper, we show that it is possible to attach gold (Au) NPs onto a silica fiber taper in a spatially selective manner
If the pump beam takes the form of the HE11 mode ( l = 1), the mode associated with the second harmonic signal must satisfy either l = 0 or 2, which means the likely candidates for the second harmonic mode are the TM01, TE01, and HE21 mode
Summary
With extremely low material absorption, is one of the most important materials for photonics and optoelectronics. Silica fibers, operated in the near infrared, are essential for long haul optical communications. One can produce extremely smooth air-silica interfaces with minimal scattering loss. Taking advantage of this feature, silica glass has been used in the fabrication of high quality (Q) factor optical resonators [1]. Due to the lack of second-order nonlinearity, silica glass is unsuitable for certain applications that require strong light-light interaction, such as second-order parametric amplification and down conversion. To further extend the reach of fiber optic technology, it is desirable to introduce functionalities such as second-order nonlinearity into silica based structures
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