Abstract
Signal recording and stimulation with high spatial and temporal resolution are of increasing interest with the development of implantable brain-computer interfaces (BCIs). However, implantable BCI technology still faces challenges in the biocompatibility and long-term stability of devices after implantation. Due to the cone structure, needle electrodes have advantages in the biocompatibility and stability as nerve recording electrodes. This paper develops the fabrication of Ag needle micro/nano electrodes with a laser-assisted pulling method and modifies the electrode surface by electrochemical oxidation. A significant impedance reduction of the modified Ag/AgCl electrodes compared to the Ag electrodes is demonstrated by the electrochemical impedance spectrum (EIS). Furthermore, the stability of modified Ag/AgCl electrodes is confirmed by cyclic voltammogram (CV) scanning. These findings suggest that these micro/nano electrodes have a great application prospect in neural interfaces.
Highlights
The multidisciplinary and multilevel comprehensive research on the higher cognitive function of the human brain has become one of the mainstream directions in contemporary scientific development [1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9]
Brain-computer interface (BCI) technology emerges in this condition which establishes a direct communication and control channel between the human brain and computers, or other electronic devices
One of the key aspects of BCI technology is the effective acquisition of physiological signals in neural activity through implantable electrodes [4]
Summary
The multidisciplinary and multilevel comprehensive research on the higher cognitive function of the human brain has become one of the mainstream directions in contemporary scientific development [1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9]. A widespread method to fabricate needle micro/nano electrodes is the laser-assisted pulling method because of the excellent control of the electrode geometry and its high repeatability [17,18,19,20,21,22,23,24]. In this method, a tension is applied to both ends of the sample which consists of a glass tube and a metal wire inside it during the laser heating. The SEM images confirmed the successful preparation of the Ag needle nanoelectrode
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