Abstract
In this paper, new porous pH-responsive microspheres based on functionalized halloysite nanotubes (HNTs) with poly-lactic-co-glycolic acid (PLGA) are investigated as the phenytoin sodium (PHT-Na) carrier. For this purpose, the surfaces of HNTs were modified by a silane coupling agent, (3-aminopropyl)triethoxysilane (APTES) and then the desired microsphere was synthesized through PLGA coating on modified HNTs. Formation of these hybrid particles are confirmed using various characterization methods like Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR), transmission electron microscope (TEM), scanning electron microscope (SEM), EDX, zeta-potential, and X-ray diffraction. The results of the FT-IR spectrum show the presence of APTES, PHT-Na and PLGA peaks, which supported the modification of HNTs and drug capsulation. TEM images confirm the presence of APTES on HNTs, due to the increase in outer diameter. SEM images displayed that by grafting PLGA polymer to modified HNTs, the shape of nanotubes has changed from rod-like to microsphere. Hence, the prospering connection of APTES and PLGA on HNTs was emphasized by zeta-potential results. Moreover, the profile of drug release is recorded via HPLC. In vitro drug release tests show that both the presence of polymer chains around drug containers and the pH value of the release medium play an important role in controlled release. Eventually, the kinetics of drug release was evaluated based on Korsmeyer–Peppas kinetic model.
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