Abstract
Despite the advancement of cancer therapy, the disease ranks as the most important cause of global death. Bee venom (BV) exhibits different biological properties and showed in vitro cytotoxicity against different malignant cells. However, its application in humans still faces challenges due to its allergic reactions, pain at the administration sites, and other severe toxic reactions such as hemolysis nonspecific cytotoxic activity, tickling sensation, and anaphylaxis during clinical treatment. This study aimed to prepare and characterize BV-loaded nanoliposomes ([email protected]) and evaluate their anticancer activity against HepG-2, MCF-7, and HCT-116 cell lines in vitro. The prepared [email protected] were spherical with an average size of 230.9 ± 5.21 nm and a positive charge ζ-potential of 46.5 mV. [email protected] showed strong anticancer activity against the three tested cell lines compared to crude BV. It showed selective cytotoxicity and was more effective against the HCT-116 cell line with IC50 of 4.16 μg/ml. [email protected] also modulate the mRNA expression of the apoptosis-related genes. It could be concluded that the use of nanoliposomes as a drug delivery system for BV enhanced the anticancer activity in vitro against HepG-2, MCF-7, and HCT-116 cell lines.
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