Abstract
BackgroundThis study aimed to analyze the extent and pattern of antipsychotic prescription for Korean children and adolescents with schizophrenia using population-based data.MethodsOur data was retrieved from the Korean National Health Insurance Review & Assessment Service-National Sample for 2013, which was a stratified sampling from the entire population under the Korean national health insurance program. Among 0.2 million children and adolescents aged 6–18 years from data, subjects who had received any antipsychotic medication in the year were investigated for the prescribed medication and concomitant psychotropic medication.ResultsA total of 91 children and adolescents (mean age 16.2 ± 2.2 years, 53 boys) received antipsychotic medication. Among the prescriptions, risperidone (n = 59, 35.3%) and aripiprazole (n = 34, 20.4%) were the two most frequently prescribed antipsychotics. Of 91 patients, 80 (87.9%) have prescribed with antipsychotic monopharmacy (mean 134.9 ± 11.1 day), 33 (36.3%) with bipharmacy (mean 136.9 ± 20.2 days), and 12 (13.2%) with polypharmacy (more than three antipsychotics) (mean 32.5 ± 7.3 days) in the year. Mood stabilizers (n=48, 52.7%), and antidepressants (n=35, 38.5%) were co-medicated in the year.DiscussionOur study shows the prescription pattern of antipsychotics for children and adolescents with schizophrenia in Korea.
Highlights
Numerous studies have demonstrated impaired sensory gating in schizophrenia and this phenomenon has been proposed as a candidate biomarker for the disorder
Maternal cannabis use was associated with an increased risk for psychotic symptoms in their offspring (n = 183, ORadjusted=1.38 [95% CI 1.03–1.85])
Paternal cannabis use was significantly associated with offspring psychotic symptoms (n = 297, ORadjusted=1.44 [95% CI 1.14–1.82])
Summary
Patients with schizophrenia exhibit negative symptoms that predict functional outcome. Understanding the mechanisms underlying these symptoms are important for developing novel therapeutic treatments These negative symptoms can be grouped into experiential- (motivational) or expressive- (social) based behaviors testable in rodents. Increased incidences of schizophrenia have been reported with winter gestation, while antagonizing NMDA receptor function in adulthood has been used to model other symptoms of schizophrenia. These two approaches were used to determine mechanisms that may contribute to negative symptoms in schizophrenia and test potential therapeutics. Methods: Normal dam mice were housed in custom photoperiod chambers for one week under normal photoperiod conditions (12 hour light: hour dark) to allow for initial acclimation. Unlike the SA gestation-induced reduction in breakpoint, subchronic PCP increased breakpoint 1 [t(21)=5.3, p
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