Abstract
Late responses to percutaneous electrical stimulation of the facial nerve of normal man were studied in single facial motoneurones by means of single fibre EMG recordings. On the basis of latency variation and the relationship to direct responses, late responses could be differentiated in 4 types: reflex responses with small and large latency variation respectively; axon reflexes due to branching of the motor axons, and recurrent responses following antidromic activation of the motor axons. The reflex responses were due to stimulation of neighbouring trigeminal afferents and corresponded to the first and second component of the blink reflex. Axon reflexes indicate that branching of the axons may occur even in the intracranial and perhaps in the intracerebral course of the nerve. Recurrent responses exhibited very small variations in latency; they could be facilitated by subthreshold depolarization of the soma-dendritic membrane.
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