Abstract
Non-invasive brain stimulation techniques have developed into useful tools to study brain functions, like motor learning [ [1] Reis J. Schambra H.M. Cohen L.G. Buch E.R. Fritsch B. Zarahn E. et al. Noninvasive cortical stimulation enhances motor skill acquisition over multiple days through an effect on consolidation. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. 2009; 106: 1590-1595 Crossref PubMed Scopus (941) Google Scholar ], physiological changes of the brain like during healthy aging [ [2] Zimerman M. Hummel F.C. Non-invasive brain stimulation: enhancing motor and cognitive functions in healthy old subjects. Frontiers in Aging Neuroscience. 2010; 2: 149 Crossref PubMed Scopus (64) Google Scholar ] or pathological conditions (e.g., stroke, parkinson, tinnitus, among others) [ [3] Hummel F. Celnik P. Giraux P. Floel A. Wu W.H. Gerloff C. et al. Effects of non-invasive cortical stimulation on skilled motor function in chronic stroke. Brain. 2005; 128: 490-499 Crossref PubMed Scopus (884) Google Scholar ]. Furthermore they are more and more applied and evaluated as therapeutic tools to treat neuropsychiatric diseases [ [3] Hummel F. Celnik P. Giraux P. Floel A. Wu W.H. Gerloff C. et al. Effects of non-invasive cortical stimulation on skilled motor function in chronic stroke. Brain. 2005; 128: 490-499 Crossref PubMed Scopus (884) Google Scholar ]. The evolution of these techniques emphasizes the importance to report possible adverse effects. Here, we present a case with occurrence of monocular eyelid myokymia after repetitive application of anodal transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) to the motor cortex.
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