Abstract
Eye tracking in physics education research: A systematic literature review
Highlights
The eyes play a crucial role in information intake
There are consistent results across contexts that reveal that high-performing students focus their attention more quickly on relevant parts of the stimuli, spend more time on relevant areas, and have longer average fixation durations during problem solving than low-performing students. This finding is well in line with the results reported by Gegenfurtner et al, thereby confirming the information reduction hypothesis, which proposes that “expertise optimizes the amount of processed information by neglecting task-irrelevant information and actively focusing on taskrelevant information” [5] (p. 539f)
As our study results reveal, an increasing number of physics education researchers are using eye tracking to learn more about physics learning by analyzing students’ visual attention
Summary
The eyes play a crucial role in information intake. Eye movements reveal information regarding a person’s visual attention—that is, the location where a person’s eyes are fixated. Eye tracking enables researchers to study the allocation of visual attention, thereby implying it can tell us which elements of a visual stimulus (e.g., learning material) a participant looked at, for how long, and in what order. Observing eye movements and shifts in visual attention among different regions can potentially provide valuable insights into cognitive processing. For this reason, eye-tracking studies have been conducted by physics education researchers for over a decade to gain insights
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