Eye Problems in Patients on the Active and Inactive Kidney Transplantation Waiting List

Abstract

Renal transplant is the best form of treatment for most patients with end-stage renal disease. The aim of this study was to examine the prevalence of eye problems in patients with end-stage renal disease on the kidney transplantation waiting list in regard to their status (active vs temporarily disqualified).The cross-sectional study was conducted on 90 prevalent patients in 1 regional qualification center. There were 24 peritoneally dialyzed patients, 5 patients registered for preemptive transplantation, and 61 hemodialyzed patients. Average age of patients who had been registered on the cadaver kidney waiting list was 50 (± 14) years, with a balanced sex ratio and median dialysis duration of 38 months. The primary cause of end-stage renal failure was chronic glomerulonephritis in 42 cases, diabetic nephropathy in 10 cases, hypertensive nephropathy in 12 cases, autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease in 7 cases, and other or unknown in the remaining patients. The major diagnosis was hypertensive angiopathy (related to the presence of long-term hypertension and history of kidney disease) in 56 patients, diabetic retinopathy in 8 patients, blindness in 4 cases (due to solvent intoxication in 1 case), and eyesight abnormalities (myopia, hyperopia, anisometropia) in 7 cases. Cataracts were described in 10 patients in addition to other findings. In 15 patients ophthalmology examination was normal, predominantly in younger patients. Abnormalities were more common in patients on the inactive list.In the vast majority of potential kidney transplant recipients, ophthalmology disturbances are primarily related to the underlying disease. The ophthalmology consult is part of the qualification, but the abnormalities are not the exclusion criteria.