Abstract
Three-dimensional (3D) printing is a promising technology for solving a wide range of problems: regenerative medicine, tissue engineering, chemistry, etc. One of the potential applications of additive technologies is the production of highly porous structures with complex geometries, while printing is carried out using gel-like materials. However, the implementation of precise gel printing is a difficult task due to the high requirements for “ink”. In this paper, we propose the use of gel-like materials based on sodium alginate as “ink” for the implementation of the developed technology of extrusion-based 3D printing. Rheological studies were carried out for the developed alginate ink compositions. The optimal rheological properties are gel-like materials based on 2 wt% sodium alginate and 0.2 wt% calcium chloride. The 3D-printed structures with complex geometry were successfully dried using supercritical drying. The resulting aerogels have a high specific surface area (from 350 to 422 m2/g) and a high pore volume (from 3 to 3.78 cm3/g).
Highlights
IntroductionAdditive manufacturing, based on the use of various three-dimensional printing technologies, is a promising method to produce structures with complex geometry
Based on the model developed in computer-aided design systems, using software and numerical control systems, the product is obtained by the layer-by-layer application of various materials such as metal powders [2], polymers [3,4], thermoplastic polymers [5], ceramics [6], photocurable resins [7], etc
We propose a single-stage method for producing “ink “ based on alginate with specified rheological properties, an implemented 3D printing technology for structures with complex geometry, followed by supercritical drying and the production of aerogels
Summary
Additive manufacturing, based on the use of various three-dimensional printing technologies, is a promising method to produce structures with complex geometry. This process involves the layer-by-layer application of the material [1], rather than removing it as in traditional methods of obtaining complex geometry of the product (milling or cutting). Different technologies of 3D printing are used to produce products with complex geometry such as inkjet [8], extrusion [9], light [10], laser [11], and others. The use of additive technologies allows achieving the required complex geometry of the product, requiring minimal postprocessing
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