Abstract
Despite the increase of publications focusing on the consequences of extreme weather events (EWE) for the agricultural sector, a specific review of EWE related to agriculture is missing. This work aimed at assessing the interrelation between EWE and agriculture through a systematic quantitative review of current scientific literature. The review analysed 19 major cropping systems (cereals, legumes, viticulture, horticulture and pastures) across five continents. Documents were extracted from the Scopus database and examined with a text mining tool to appraise the trend of publications across the years, the specific EWE-related issues examined and the research gaps addressed. The results highlighted that food security and economic losses due to the EWE represent a major interest of the scientific community. Implementation of remote sensing and imagery techniques for monitoring and detecting the effects of EWE is still underdeveloped. Large research gaps still lie in the areas concerning the effects of EWE on major cash crops (grapevine and tomato) and the agronomic dynamics of EWE in developing countries. Current knowledge on the physiological dynamics regulating the responses of main crops to EWE appears to be well established, while more research is urgently needed in the fields of mitigation measures and governance systems.
Highlights
The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) defines the extreme weather events (EWE) “as rare as or rarer than the 10th or 90th percentile of a probability density function estimated from observations”
[1] The increasing frequency of EWE related to climate change (CC) represents a severe threat to agriculture
Similar responses have been reported for wheat, where both photosynthesis and yield reduction were amplified by the synergetic interaction of high temperature and drought stress [8]
Summary
The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) defines the extreme weather events (EWE) “as rare as or rarer than the 10th or 90th percentile of a probability density function estimated from observations” [1] The increasing frequency of EWE related to climate change (CC) represents a severe threat to agriculture. An increase of extreme and uncertain events is characteristic of the most recent climate scenarios [3,4,5,6]. Research in this field has substantially increased in recent years, focusing on the impact of EWE on major crops. Similar responses have been reported for wheat, where both photosynthesis and yield reduction were amplified by the synergetic interaction of high temperature and drought stress [8]. Drought leads to the stomata closure and the photosynthesis reduction, negatively affecting the yield, and it has been observed that the combination of drought and heat waves can prevent complete berry maturation [14]
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