Abstract
ABSTRACT Extreme pressures in the hydraulic jump are associated with risk of damage to the flow discharge system of dams by a series of mechanisms. Therefore, understanding and predicting these efforts are crucial for the safe and economical design of discharge systems. Thus, this paper aims to validate an existing pressure forecasting methodology for estimating the extreme pressure in the hydraulic jump with low Froude number (below 4.5). Results have shown that the method may be used for this situation on a preliminary basis. Further studies are recommended to refine the technique and to achieve results that are more precise.
Highlights
Reservoirs, natural or artificial structures used for reservation of water, can contribute to supplying water for a community, irrigation of land, flow regularization, navigation, flood control, hydraulic power generation and other benefits
It is better described by Equation 4, in which Px% represents the pressure with x% probability of not being exceeded at point X, Px represents the mean pressure at point X, σ X represents pressure fluctuations at point X and Nx% represents the statistical coefficient of probability distribution for the relative position
The estimation of the pressure fluctuations associated with the Fr1 1.73 flow did not meet expectations. These results suggest some influence of the Froude number in the pressure fluctuations, even though it is not the only reason for the differences verified between Santo Antônio Hydroelectric Power Plants (HPPs) pressure fluctuations results and other samples as well as for its forecasting
Summary
Reservoirs, natural or artificial structures used for reservation of water, can contribute to supplying water for a community, irrigation of land, flow regularization, navigation, flood control, hydraulic power generation and other benefits. The structures that compose the Hydroelectric Power Plants (HPPs), for instance, are subject to damages and failures due to the efforts caused by the flow. In these works, damages such as pulling out of concrete slabs, material wear, structural vibrations, geological and structural failures, abrasion, erosion and cavitation are verified (Lopardo, 2013b). Despite the advances in this field, there are still cases of damage to these structures, as occurred in 2013 at the Paradise Dam, Queensland, Australia, where the succession of floods caused significant scour of the rock body downstream the spillway (McPherson et al, 2015)
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