Abstract
ABSTRACT: The aim of this study was to evaluate the ethanolic extract of green propolis (EEP) in the protection of common bean plants against two main bacterial cultures, bacterial blight (Xanthomonas axonopodis pv. phaseoli) and wildfire (Pseudomonas syringae pv. tabaci). Experiments on antimicrobial activity were performed, inducing phytoalexins, defense-related enzymes, and disease severity, under concentrations of 0, 0.5, 1.0, 2.5, and 5.0%. The EEP presented antimicrobial activity on both phytobacteria, causing a decrease in their development. It has also promoted a linear accumulation of phaseolin in bean hypocotyls according to the EEP concentration used. There was a reduction in the lesion area, which was caused by bacterial blight on bean leaves treated with EEP, and local and systemic effect were observed. Polyphenoloxidase was activated with 5% EEP, reaching the maximum activation time 62.5 h after application. An increase was observed in the activity of phenylalanine ammonia-lyase in plants treated with EEP, with local and systemic effect. Results indicated the potential of EEP in the control of these diseases.
Highlights
The bean crop (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) is of great importance in family agriculture and food sovereignty, being one of the main legumes grown in Brazil (GODINHO et al, 1998)
Diseases occur in the bean crop, including bacterial diseases, common bacterial blight (Xanthomonas axonopodis pv. phaseoli), and wildfire (Pseudomonas syringae pv. tabaci) (WENDLAND et al, 2016)
The bacteria X. axonopodis pv. phaseoli and P. syringae pv. tabaci were isolated from symptomatic leaves of common bean in the municipality of Laranjeiras do Sul, PR, being cultivated in agar nutrient medium
Summary
The bean crop (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) is of great importance in family agriculture and food sovereignty, being one of the main legumes grown in Brazil (GODINHO et al, 1998). These diseases usually cause great damage to the culture, because they are difficult to control, development of resistant cultivars is difficult, and chemical control of these diseases has a low efficiency (VALARINI & MENTEN, 1991). In this context, the use of more sustainable techniques, with less impact on the environment, is necessary. The use of more sustainable techniques, with less impact on the environment, is necessary This requires the development of new products to be incorporated as strategies for alternative control of plant diseases, including new substances with antimicrobial potential (FRANZENER et al, 2018; VIECELLI et al, 2009).
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