Abstract
Solitary fibrous tumor (SFT) is a rare mesenchymal ubiquitous tumor reported in the pleura and a wide variety of extrapleural locations, most frequently in the orbits and extremities.Approximately 78–88% of SFTs are benign and 12–22% are malignant.Although tumor characteristics are highly dependent on the location there are unifying features in MR imaging suggesting SFT: well-circumscribed, often lobulated nodular lesion, delayed contrast enhancement and the presence of fibrous contents which are hypointense on T1 and T2-weighted MRI imaging.There are many SFT differential diagnosis, highly dependent to the tumor location. Due to its rarity the diagnosis of extrapleural SFTs may be challenging. Histopathologic analysis is always required to confirm the diagnosis and to allow the distinction between the benign and malignant forms.We review pleural and extrapleural SFTs, presenting diagnostic clues, differential diagnosis and prognostic factors.
Highlights
Solitary fibrous tumors (SFTs) are uncommon tumors arising from mesenchymal cells representing less than 2% of all soft-tissue tumors [1].SFTs were firstly described in 1931, referring to pleural localization [2], being described later in other extrathoracic localizations
We aim to present a variety of SFT
SFTs appear as well-defined, hypervascular mass that often compress adjacent tissues and organs
Summary
Background Solitary fibrous tumors (SFTs) are uncommon tumors arising from mesenchymal cells representing less than 2% of all soft-tissue tumors [1]. SFTs were firstly described in 1931, referring to pleural localization [2], being described later in other extrathoracic localizations. It is established that SFTs can originate in virtually any site of the body and the incidence of extrapleural SFTs is shown to be higher than of the pleural lesions [3]. The deep soft tissues of the proximal extremities, abdominal cavity, head (orbits) and neck are the most frequently reported extrathoracic locations [4]. The majority are benign, up to 20% may be malignant [1]. Regarding genetic background of the disease, different rearrangement of the NAB2-STAT6 gene has been associated to the pathogenesis of SFTs, potentially related to more aggressive behavior [5]
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