Extração de Compostos Orgânicos em Lixiviados de Aterros Sanitários e Determinação por Cromatografia a Gás Acoplada ao Espectrômetro de Massas

Abstract

Since the identity of the organic compounds present in landfill leachates is not well-known, it is difficult to predict whether the treatments are really effective. Thus, the identification of such compounds is a concern that has motivated scientific researches worldwide. The present work evaluates different methods of extraction of organic compounds present in the leachate of six landfills located in cities from the state of Santa Catarina (Joinville, Timbo, Brusque, Curitibanos, Chapeco, and Biguacu). The solvents used were acetone, methanol, hexane, dichloromethane, and ethyl acetate. The use of liquid-liquid extraction (LLE) , ultra-sound/lyophilization and ionic resins (XAD – 4) as cation-exchange resin revealed the presence of several organic compounds with varied chemical functions in the leachate extracts. After the Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry analysis, these compounds were identified through the comparison of the obtained spectrums and patterns of the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST). Based on that identification, and through the observation of results, the authors conclude that the most adequate methodology for the extraction of organic compounds from landfill leachates is LLE, using ethyl acetate as solvent.