Abstract
Primary extranodal lymphoma is defined as a lymphoma at a solitary extranodal site, with or without involvement of the lymph nodes. The clinical and radiological features of extranodal lymphoma have been documented in recent studies. In this pictorial essay, we reviewed imaging findings of extranodal lymphoma in the head and neck region.
Highlights
Lymphoma is the most common nonepithelial malignancy of the head and neck region
Mass surrounding the extraocular muscles is helpful in distinguishing lymphomas from other orbital masses[2]
Lymphoproliferative disease of the orbit encompasses a spectrum from benign lymphoid hyperplasia to malignant lymphoma, the most common clinical symptoms being exophthalmos, eyelid swelling, and diplopia[4]
Summary
Lymphoma is the most common nonepithelial malignancy of the head and neck region. Non-Hodgkin lymphomas are found in extranodal regions outside the lymphoid system in 40% of cases. The clinical features, computed tomography (CT) findings, and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) findings of extranodal lymphomas in the head and neck region have been described[1]. Extranodal lymphoma of the head and neck can affect the paranasal sinuses, nasal cavity, salivary glands, thyroid gland, or orbit. Mass surrounding the extraocular muscles is helpful in distinguishing lymphomas from other orbital masses[2]. On CT, orbital lymphoma is isodense to the extraocular muscles (Figures 1 and 2). On contrast-enhanced CT scans, there is limited contrast enhancement. On MRI, in comparison with the extraocular muscles, orbital lymphomas
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