Extracts of Phyllostachys pubescens Leaves Represses Human Steroid 5-Alpha Reductase Type 2 Promoter Activity in BHP-1 Cells and Ameliorates Testosterone-Induced Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia in Rat Model.

Kwang Hoon Song,Seung-Hyung Kim,Ki-Joong Kim,Hyun-O Gu,Won-Kyung Yang,Chang-Seob Seo

doi:10.3390/nu13030884

Kwang Hoon Song, Seung-Hyung Kim + Show 4 more

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https://doi.org/10.3390/nu13030884

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Abstract

Benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) is the most common symptomatic abnormality of the human prostate characterized by uncontrolled proliferation of the prostate gland. In this study, we investigated the effect of bamboo, Phyllostachys pubescens, leaves extract (PPE) on human 5α-reductase type 2 (SRD5A2) gene promoter activity in human prostate cell lines and the protective effect of PPE on a testosterone-induced BPH rat model. PPE repressed human SRD5A2 promoter activity and its mRNA expression. The rats treated with PPE for 4 weeks showed a significantly attenuated prostate weight compared to vehicle control. PPE-treated rats also showed reduced serum dihydrotestosterone, testosterone, prostate-specific antigen, and SRD5A2 levels by testosterone injection. Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction showed that PPE treatment significantly decreased mRNA expression of SRD5A2, androgen receptor (AR), proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA), and fibroblast growth factor 2 compared with the vehicle-treated, testosterone-injected rats in the prostate. Furthermore, PPE treatment showed reduced AR, PCNA, and tumor necrosis factor alpha expression in the prostate via immunohistofluorescence staining. In conclusion, oral administration of PPE prevented and inhibited the development and progression of enlarged prostate lesions in testosterone-induced animal models through various anti-proliferative and anti-inflammatory pharmacological effects and induced suppression of SRD5A2 gene expression.

Highlights

Benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) is the most common symptomatic abnormality of the human prostate that affects older men [1]
Since natural extracts have long been recognized as a potential source of treatment, cell-based reporter screening tests have been used to select extracts that inhibit human SRD5A2 promoter activity in BPH-1 cells
We focused on herbal extracts that inhibited the SRD5A2 promoter activity by less than 50% compared to the control

Summary

Introduction

Benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) is the most common symptomatic abnormality of the human prostate that affects older men [1]. DHT performs important physiological functions such as differentiation of the male external genitalia and secondary growth during puberty, especially in men, but it has been demonstrated to be involved in androgen-dependent diseases [8,9]. To prevent or treat these diseases, inhibiting DHT generation in target cells is thought to be effective, and various 5α-reductase enzyme inhibitors such as finasteride and dutasteride have been developed and are used in the treatment of BPH [6]. These drugs are known to cause adverse effects such as erectile dysfunction, loss of libido, myopathy, and chest pain [11,12]

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