Abstract
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a serious public health problem worldwide. Current therapeutic strategies that use anti-inflammatory drugs, immunosuppressants, and biological treatments are often ineffective and have adverse health effects. In this regard, the use of natural compounds aimed at key pathogenic therapeutic targets in IBD attracts universal attention. Seaweed is a valuable source of structurally diverse biologically active compounds. The materials presented in the review indicate that seaweed extracts and polysaccharides are effective candidates for the development of drugs, biological food additives, and functional nutrition products for the treatment and prevention of IBD. The structural features of algal polysaccharides provide the possibility of exposure to therapeutic targets of IBD, including proinflammatory cytokines, chemokines, adhesion molecules, nuclear factor NF-kB, intestinal epithelial cells, reactive oxygen and nitrogen. Further study of the relationship between the effect of polysaccharides from different types of algae, with different structure and molecular weights on immune and epithelial cells, intestinal microorganisms will contribute to a deeper understanding of their mechanisms and will help in the development of drugs, dietary supplements, functional foods for the treatment of patients with IBD.
Highlights
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a group of idiopathic chronic inflammatory intestinal conditions
The findings of this study show that prior exposure to diets containing and fucoidan and a combination of and fucoidan and laminaran together, ameliorated weight loss, diarrhea, but failed to improve the pathology score associated with a DSS challenge in the proximal colon of pigs
Tanoue et al [73] in an in vitro model for co-culture of intestinal epithelial cells of Caco-2 and macrophage cells RAW264.7 have established that fucoidan inhibits the expression of the IL-8 gene in epithelial cells by reducing the production of TNF-α by macrophages stimulated by lipopolysaccharide
Summary
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a group of idiopathic chronic inflammatory intestinal conditions. Recent advances in the study of IBD pathogenesis have opened up prospects for the development of new treatment strategies aimed at therapeutic targets and associated with the use of areactogenic and effective natural compounds that can block the adhesion and migration of leukocytes into the inflamed intestinal mucosa and inhibit cytokines, normalize the intestinal microflora, maintain clinical remission and accelerate mucous healing intestinal membrane [25,26]. In this regard, marine algae represent a huge bioresource of natural ingredients [27,28]. This work includes a review of current ideas about the possibility of using extracts and polysaccharides of seaweed as the basis for drugs, dietary supplements and functional food products for the prevention and treatment of inflammatory bowel diseases
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