Abstract
The extractive separation of scandium and rare earth metals (REM) was studied. The extractants used are trialkylbenzylammonium di-2-ethylhexylphosphate (TABAC-D2EHPA, binary extractant) and trioctylphosphine oxide (TOPO). The effect of concentration and nature of mineral acids on the scandium recovery was studied. Changing the HNO 3 concentration in the range of 0.01 – 2.0 mol/L does not affect the extraction of metals by binary extractant, extraction corresponds to the following row: La, Eu, Gd 3 concentration leads to the decrease in scandium extraction. The conditions for the extractive separation of scandium and REM using TOPO solution were determined: scandium can be isolated selectively at the HNO 3 concentration of 0.5 mol/L REM are transferred into the organic phase at the HNO 3 concentration of 5.0 mol/L. It was determined that the organic phase extracts the compounds of the following composition: (ScA 3 + R 3 R′NCl) (HA - D 2 EHPA, R 3 R'NCl - TABAC) and [Sc(NO 3 ) 3 ·3TOPO].
Highlights
The value of scandium and its compounds in the creation of new high-tech materials is continuously increasing
Extraction behavior of binary extractants can be predicted when considering the patterns of the metals extraction by reagents used for the preparation of BE
BE properties are related to the properties of the initial systems, so cation exchange extractant, which is part of the binary extractant affects the degree of extraction of scandium
Summary
The value of scandium and its compounds in the creation of new high-tech materials is continuously increasing. Important content of scandium, yttrium, and rare-earth metals has been observed in uranium, titanium, zirconium, coal, phosphorus, aluminium deposits [3]. A variety of scandium-containing raw materials along with low target component, the complexity of scandium separation from the accompanying elements, especially close to REM in properties, does not allow the use of a universal method to extract it. After the acid or alkaline methods of the materials preparation in the course of the process chain there is a gradual concentration of scandium and rare-earth metals, which are mainly due to the use of extraction and precipitation processes. For scandium there is no selective extracting agent, which allows separating it along a large group of rare earth metals. There is only the way to create conditions under which scandium can be recovered with one or more cations
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