Extractive orthopaedic treatment to compensate for skeletal Class III in preadolescents

Chiusolo Carmine,Gennaro Caiazzo,Maria Paola Guarneri,Luca Lombardo,Giuseppe Siciliani

doi:10.4236/ojst.2011.12007

Abstract

Objective: To evaluate the efficacy of extractive or-thopaedic orthodontic treatment in mixed late denti-tion in two female patients presenting Class III mal-occlusion and hyperdivergent facial types due to maxillary retrusion. Materials and Methods: The or- thopaedic phase, carried out using posteroanterior extraoral traction combined with rapid palatal ex-panders, was followed by extraction of four premo-lars and application of bidimensional technique fixed appliances (Boston University). Results: We achieved functional and aesthetic improvement via normalisa-tion of the transversal dimensions and a sagittal in-crease in the maxilla while maintaining vertical sta-bility. The extractions permitted resolution of the crowding problem and normalisation of the overbite and overjet, and Class I molar and canine occlusion was achieved. Conclusions: Timely intervention and exploitation of extractive space to compensate for skeletal alterations using only orthopaedic orthodon-tic treatment can allow achievement of excellent re-sults.

Highlights

Class III malocclusion may involve the dental component alone or it may be aggravated by a poor relationship between the maxillary and mandibular bases
Timely intervention and exploitation of extractive space to compensate for skeletal alterations using only orthopaedic orthodontic treatment can allow achievement of excellent results
In a review by Baccetti et al, the percentage of success was found to be 76% higher when the orthopaedic treatment plan, including extraoral traction and rapid palatal expansion, was used to treat Class III malocclusions in preadolescent patients [21]. In this context we proposed to analyse the dentoskeletal changes revealed in two patients with Class III malocclusion due to maxillary retrusion and mandibular protrusion, treated in late mixed dentition

Summary

Introduction

Class III malocclusion may involve the dental component alone or it may be aggravated by a poor relationship between the maxillary and mandibular bases. Various factors are implicated in the aetiology of Class III, namely heredity (e.g. race), environmental factors (e.g. functional anterior deviation of the mandible or mouth breathing, which can be a positive stimulus for mandibular growth), and several pathologies (e.g. pituitary tumours responsible for acromegaly) [6]. The incidence of this type of malocclusion in Caucasian populations varies between 1 and 5 %, in Asian populations it reaches an upper range which fluctuates between 9% to 19%, and in Latin populations it is roughly 5% [7,8]

Results

Discussion

Conclusion