Abstract
The decision regarding the selection of extraction or non-extraction orthodontic treatment is a common challenge in orthodontic treatment planning. The objective of this study was to compare the effects of extraction and non-extraction orthodontic treatment on the soft tissue profile of borderline class I patients. In this retrospective study, 70 patients were selected from among those referred to the Department of Orthodontics of the Faculty of Dentistry at Hamadan University of Medical Sciences in Iran. The inclusion criteria were skeletal class I, 4-10 mm of space deficiency, and the possibility of applying both extraction and non-extraction orthodontic treatment. All patients underwent fixed orthodontic treatment with the use of 0.022-inch-slot edgewise brackets. The patients were divided into 2 groups (n = 35) according to the 4-premolar extraction or non-extraction treatment plan. The 2 groups were compared by means of the cephalometric analysis. There were 11 males and 24 females at a mean age of 17.46 years in the non-extraction group, and 9 males and 26 females at a mean age of 18.46 years in the extraction group. The upper and lower incisors as well as the lower lip moved forward in the non-extraction group (lower lip to E‑plane = 0.87 ±1.39 mm, U1-SN = 2.83 ±8.03°, IMPA = 4.64 ±5.47°). The incisors and the lips moved backward in the extraction group (upper lip to E‑plane = -1.42 ±2.08 mm, lower lip to E‑plane = -1.56 ±1.97 mm, U1-SN = -7.63 ±9.02°, IMPA = -7.05 ±6.79°). The differences were statistically significant (p < 0.05). Mentolabial sulcus became more pronounced in the non-extraction group (1.92 ±2.73 mm; p < 0.001) and shallower in the extraction group (-1.90 ±4.2 mm; p = 0.000). Orthodontic treatment can change the soft tissue appearance of the lower third of the face. The lips and the incisors moved forward in the non-extraction group and backward in the extraction group.
Highlights
A large number of people seek orthodontic treatment to improve their dentofacial appearance.[1]
The decision regarding the selection of extraction or non-extraction orthodontic treatment is a common challenge in orthodontic treatment planning
The objective of this study was to compare the effects of extraction and non-extraction orthodontic treatment on the soft tissue profile of borderline class I patients
Summary
A large number of people seek orthodontic treatment to improve their dentofacial appearance.[1]. The purpose of orthodontic treatment is to improve dentofacial appearance, oral function and the stability of the dental arches. The decision regarding the creation of space is challenging in orthodontic treatment planning. In patients with the tooth size–arch size discrepancy, it is necessary to provide sufficient space for the teeth during orthodontic treatment. The conventional methods for creating the space include the distal movement of the posterior teeth, changes in the width and shape of the arch, the interproximal reduction of the teeth, the protrusion of the incisors, and tooth extraction. The decision regarding tooth extraction depends on different factors, such as esthetic considerations, the stability of the teeth, and the preferences of patients or orthodontists.[5]. The decision regarding the selection of extraction or non-extraction orthodontic treatment is a common challenge in orthodontic treatment planning
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