Abstract
Taxus cuspidata S. et Z. is an excellent natural source of bioactive polysaccharides and has various biological activities. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of antidiabetic and antitumor activities of polysaccharides from Taxus cuspidata branches and leaves (TCBL) and to determine the optimum extraction technology of TCBL using a low-temperature and high-efficiency enzyme and ultrasound-assisted coupled extraction (EUCE) method. Optimal technology parameters were determined as follows: an extraction temperature of 51 °C, an extraction time of 33 min, a ratio of material to liquid of 1:19 (g:mL), and an enzyme concentration of 0.10 mg·mL−1. Under the optimized conditions, the polysaccharide yield from TCBL obtained by EUCE was 4.78% ± 0.18%. The four purified polysaccharides (Pe1, Pe2, Pe3, Pe4) from TCBL are mainly composed of arabinose, galactose, glucose, a small amount of xylose, and mannose. This composition was assessed by HPIC analysis. The antidiabetic activity and antitumor activity of polysaccharides from TCBL were assayed in vitro. Among the four purified polysaccharides from TCBL, purified Pe4 had the highest inhibitory capacity against α-glucosidase, and its IC50 value was 123.0 µg·mL−1. Pe1 had the highest antitumor capacity against MCF7 cells and HepG2 cells, with IC50 values of 169.0 and 132.0 µg·mL−1. Pe4 had the highest antitumor effect on human cervical cancer cells (Hela), and its IC50 value was 89.9 µg·mL−1. Pe4 polysaccharide demonstrated a good α-glucosidase inhibitory activity and antitumor capacity against Hela cells. Therefore, Pe4 polysaccharide from TCBL is a beneficial source of potential inhibitors of type II diabetes and human cervical cancer activity.
Highlights
The genus Taxus is a member of the Taxaceae family, which includes 24 species [1]
Pe4 polysaccharide from Taxus cuspidata branches and leaves (TCBL) is a beneficial source of potential inhibitors of type II diabetes and human cervical cancer activity
Three grams of crushed material from cuspidata branches and leaves extracted at different temperatures of 30, 40, 50, and
Summary
The genus Taxus is a member of the Taxaceae family, which includes 24 species [1]. The genus Taxus includes plant sources of good biologically and pharmacologically active compounds, especially the important broad-spectrum anticancer drug paclitaxel and many other taxane derivatives [2,3]. A total of 130 taxane diterpenoids, including paclitaxel and cephalomannine, have been isolated from T. canadensis over the past 30 years [4]. The results of recent studies indicate that the plants of the genus. Taxus contain many other biologically and pharmacologically active compounds in addition to taxane diterpenoids. Various fatty acids from T. mairei leaves are identified by GC–MS [4]. Flavonoids and lignins were separated and purified from Taxus in recent years [6].
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