Abstract
Mulberry (Morus alba L.) is a tree species of Moraceae widely distributed in Southern China. In the present study, the white crystal of γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) was purified from mulberry leaves, and its bioactivity was also investigated. The main results were as follows: first, the crude GABA was extracted from mulberry leaves by using biochemical methods. Then, the crude was purified by chromatography over an S-8 macroporous resin, Sephadex G-10, and 732 cation exchange resin to yield a white crystal. Lavage administration and exposure of GABA to male NIH mice showed no adverse effects on their growth and development. In an endurance capacity test, the average loaded-swimming time of medium dose was 111.60% longer than the control (P < 0.01). Further investigations showed that relative to that of model control, the respective blood lactate (BL) concentrations of low- and medium-dose were 28.52% and 28.81% lower (P < 0.05), whereas the levels of blood urea nitrogen (BUN) were 36.83% and 40.54% lower (P < 0.05), and that of liver glycogen (LG) levels were 12.81% and 17.22% lower (P < 0.05). The results indicated that GABA has an advantage over taurine of anti-fatigue effect. These findings were indicative of the anti-fatigue activity of GABA.
Highlights
Gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA), a non-protein amino acid, widely exists in plants and animals
The optimal conditions for S-8 macroporous resin were established as follows: no more than 200 mL of the sample solution treated by ethanol subsiding was acidified to pH 5, and loaded at a flow rate of 2 mL/min
At phase III, pure GABA was eluted on Sephadex G-10 at a flow rate of 3 mL/min
Summary
Gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA), a non-protein amino acid, widely exists in plants and animals. GABA was first discovered in 1949 in potato by Steward et al.[1]. GABA is an ideal candidate ingredient for various medicines and personal health care products, and has attracted the interest of research scientists around the world. Reports on the isolation and purification methods of GABA were limited. Wang et al.[15], Wang[16], Guan et al.[17], Li et al.[18] and Choi et al.[19] respectively reported the isolation and purification of GABA from microorganism-fermented supernatants. The crude GABA was extracted from mulberry leaves, and a biological molecular sieve was applied to generate a pure product; all the related approaches have been reported in detail.
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