Extraction Process of Polyphenols from Soybean (Glycine max L.) Sprouts: Optimization and Evaluation of Antioxidant Activity

Xuan Tien Le,Tran Thanh Truc,Tran Quoc Toan,Pham Thi Hai Ha,Vo Luu Lan Vi,Long Giang Bach

doi:10.3390/pr7080489

Abstract

This research aimed to optimize the total polyphenol content (TPC) extracted from soybean sprout powder under different experimental parameters, including ethanol concentration (60–100% v/v), extraction temperature (40–80 °C), extraction time (15–150 min), material:solvent ratio (1:4–1:10 g/mL), the number extraction cycles (1, 2 and 3 times), the age of sprout (0–7 days), and the used part of the sprout (cotyledon, hypocotyl, or radicle). The obtained results were used in response surface methodology, in combination with a central composite design, to model the total polyphenol content (TPC) with respect to three variables, including ethanol concentration, extraction temperature, and material:solvent ratio. The experimental conditions for optimal recovery of TPC consisted of ethanol concentration of 88% (v/v), extraction temperature of 59 °C, material:solvent ratio of 1:6.5 g/mL, extraction time of 60 min, and 2 cycles of maceration. In addition, for maximal TPC, the sprout should undergo the germination of 5 days and the radicle fraction should be used. Based on the suggested optimum conditions, the obtained and verified TPC was 19.801 mg genistein (GE)/g dry weight (d.w.). The obtained dried extract also exhibited low antioxidant activity.

Highlights

Due to the favorable geographic and climatic conditions, Vietnam possesses a rich source of medicinal materials and agricultural crops
To enhance enhance the the extraction extraction efficiency efficiency of of polyphenol polyphenol in in soybean soybean sprouts, sprouts, ethanol ethanol due is usually used with water at different concentrations due to its high dielectric property
The optimization with response surface methodology (RSM) procedure proceeded with respect to three selected parameters, including material:solvent ratio, extraction temperature, and ethanol concentration

Summary

Introduction

Due to the favorable geographic and climatic conditions, Vietnam possesses a rich source of medicinal materials and agricultural crops. One of the Far East’s oldest crops is soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merrill), a native species of China. The crop has been used in various forms as one of the most important sources of dietary protein and oil thanks to its excellent protein-producing efficiency per unit of land, profitability, and potential use as a defense crop against famine. Soybean protein is among plant proteins of best quality because it contains essential amino acids and holds the potential to replace proteins of animal origin [1]. The soybean has been claimed as a potential weapon against chronic diseases [2,3,4,5,6,7].

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