Extraction, Phytochemical Screening, Isolation and Identification of Bioactive Compounds from Extract of the plant Euphorbia Thymifolia Linn

Abstract

Medicinal plants play an important role in the development of potent therapeutic agents. Plant based drugs provide outstanding contribution to modern therapeutics as a source of many valuable secondary metabolites which serves as plant defense mechanisms against predator such as microorganism, insects and herbivores which have been proved to be potentially active compounds. Euphorbia Thymifolia Linn (E. Thymifolia) is commonly known as ‘duddi’ or in Sanskrit means Laghu didhika or Raktavindaka. It belongs to the family Euphorbiceae. This plant is bitter, acrid, sweet and used as thermogenic, laxative and diuretic. This plant is widely used in the ayurveda to cure many diseases like vitiated condition of constipation, helminthiasis and ringworm skin diseases and leprosy. The aim of the present study is to examine E.Thymifolia Linn whole plant for phytochemical profile, Isolation and Identification of bioactive compounds. Qualitative analysis of various phytochemical constituents was determined by the well-known test protocol available in the literature. Isolation and characterization of bioactive compound from methanolic extract of E. Thymifolia has been conducted. The bioactive compound from methanolic extracts was isolated by several processes, such as TLC, column chromatography and preparative TLC. The isolated bioactive compound is identified by UV-Vis spectrophotometer, FT-IR, 1H, 13C-NMR and Mass. The obtained compound is continued to the preparative TLC using chloroform: methanol (50:50, v/v) as eluent. The UV-Vis spectrum showed one peaks of maximum absorbance at 312.8nm. Then, the FT-IR spectrum showed several peaks that confirmed the presence of functional group of derivative of compound, i.e. 669.05, 928.58, 1070.85, 1215.51 and 1710.07cm-1. 1H and 13C-NMR spectrum confirmed the bioactive compound present in plant. Phytochemical analysis revealed the presence of alkaloids, glycosides, phenols, flavonoids, tannins. The findings of the present study will be helpful to phytochemists, pharmacologists and pharmaceutical industries.
 Keywords: Euphorbia Thymifolia, Qualitative phytochemical, Isolation, Bioactive compounds