Abstract
In this study, the extraction of water-soluble polysaccharides from the seed coat of black soybean (BSCP) was investigated and optimized. A response surface methodology based on a Box-Behnken design (BBD) was used to optimize the extraction conditions as follows: extraction temperature, 100°C; ratio of water to material, 22.3 mL/g; and extraction time, 133.2 min. Under these conditions, the experimental yield of polysaccharides was 10.56%, which was consistent with the predictive yield. A novel galactomannan, BSCP-1, with a molecular weight of 7.55 × 105 Da determined by high-performance gel permeation chromatography, was isolated from the black soybean seed coat. Through gas chromatography-mass spectrometry analysis, BSCP-1 was identified as a galactomannan consisting of galactose, mannose and rhamnose in a molar ratio of 6.01:3.56:1.00. Cytotoxicity against the human gastric carcinoma cancer cell line was also determined.
Highlights
Black soybean seed is a well-known homologous plant food and medicine and is officially listed in the Chinese pharmacopoeia (2015 edition) [1]
In our recent studies on FM in preharvest soybean seed, we found that mildew resistance was significantly correlated with the seed coat color and that soybean seeds with dark coats showed higher field mold resistance [13]
The predicted and observed values were highly similar under the same extraction conditions, which reflected the accuracy and applicability of a Box-Behnken design (BBD) for the optimization of the BSCP extraction yield
Summary
Black soybean seed is a well-known homologous plant food and medicine and is officially listed in the Chinese pharmacopoeia (2015 edition) [1]. This seed has historically been used to relieve kidney disease by increasing blood circulation and water passage, to counteract toxic effects, and for its antiaging effects, among other uses, in China, India, Japan, Korea and other Asian countries [2]. Because of the various benefits of anthocyanins mentioned above, more research has focused on the alcohol-soluble component of black soybean seed.
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