Abstract
Supercritical CO2 extraction of oil rich in coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10) from chicken by-products (livers and hearts) was investigated. The effects of pressure, temperature, ethanol concentration and CO2 flow rate on the extraction kinetics of oil and CoQ10 concentration in the oils obtained during the constant extraction rate (CER) and falling extraction rate (FER) periods were evaluated. Chicken liver was a richer source of CoQ10 than hearts. CoQ10 recoveries between 79.3% and 96.1% were achieved. Higher CoQ10 concentrations were obtained during the FER period (7.77 mg/g oil at 15 MPa, 40 °C), but most of the CoQ10 was recovered during the CER period. CoQ10 concentration was low and relatively stable during the first part of the extraction and sharply increased as the FER period approached. Fractional extraction resulted in two oil fractions with lower (1.02 mg/g and recovery of 23.5% of total CoQ10 extracted) and higher CoQ10 (4.20 mg/g with 76.5% recovery) contents.
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