Abstract
<em>Gracilaria</em> sp. is a potential agar-producing seaweed. The agar is conventially extracted at high temperature (80-100°C) for 2-3 hours, requiring a lot of energy. Ultrasonication-assisted extraction method<br />removes the requirement of high temperatures and shortening the extraction time, thus reduces the energy cost during extraction process. This study was aimed to determine the effects of temperatures (50 and 60°C) and times (45 and 60 minutes) of ultrasonication on the yield and properties of theproduced agar. Energy efficiency was also calculated based on the ratio of energy required with the amount of agar produced. The ultrasonication significantly increased the yield and energy efficiency. The selected treatment was the extraction with temperature 60°C for 60 minutes producing agar with thee yield of 12.45%, viscosity of 35.8 cP, white degree of 50.96%, moisture content of 12.59%, ash content of 7.07%, sulfate content 3.67% and gel strength 108.03 g/cm2. Agar produced with the selected treatment was grouped as native agar with low gel strength. <br /><br />
Highlights
Agar merupakan suatu hidrokoloid polisakarida kompleks yang tersusun atas disakarida berulang dengan unit 3-linked β-D-galactopyranosyl (G) dan 4-linked [3,6] anhydro-α-L-galactopyranosyl (Praiboon et al 2006) yang dapat diperoleh dari rumput laut dari famili Gelidiaceae and Gracilariaceae (Li et al 2008)
The agar is conventially extracted at high temperature (80-100°C) for [2-3] hours, requiring a lot of energy
Ultrasonication-assisted extraction method removes the requirement of high temperatures and shortening the extraction time, reduces the energy cost during extraction process
Summary
Bahan yang pada penelitian ini yaitu rumput laut kering jenis Gracilaria sp. yang diperoleh dari Desa Lontar, Kecamatan Tirtayasa Kabupaten Banten dengan umur panen [50-60] hari. Bahan yang pada penelitian ini yaitu rumput laut kering jenis Gracilaria sp. Yang diperoleh dari Desa Lontar, Kecamatan Tirtayasa Kabupaten Banten dengan umur panen [50-60] hari. Bahan-bahan yang digunakan pada proses ekstraksi dan karakterisasi agar antara lain akuades, asam asetat 3%, CaO 0,5% (kapur tohor), KCl, HCl, H2O2, BaCl2, AgNO3 (Merck). Alat yang digunakan untuk proses ekstraksi adalah ultrasonic batch (DSA100, 200W, China), dan energy meter (DEM-1499, China)
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