Extraction of malic acid from Dillenia indica in organic solvents and its antimicrobial activity

Abstract

ABSTRACT Extraction of malic acid from natural sources is an important way to challenge the isolation of bioactive compounds. Our current research conducted a suitable extraction process for malic acid from Dillenia indica using different solvents. The time-dependent extraction of malic acid was determined using a number of solvents like methanol, ethanol, acetone, propanol, dichloromethane, chloroform, benzene, and toluene. The better extraction affinity for malic acid was observed in methanol, which have shown that the extraction rate increases with increase in concentration of solvent. Here, we have evaluated the rate of the extraction process in terms of several parameters such as concentration, solvent hydrophobicity, water-solubility, the effect of electron donor and acceptor index, polarizability, and diffusion constant. The diffusion constant was also increased in case of methanol. The extracted compound has shown significant antioxidant activity with IC50 value of 78.34 μg/ml. The antibacterial activity of malic acid was determined in orange juice to reduce the contamination of pathogenic microorganisms. The antimicrobial activity is optimized at 0.6% of malic acid in the case of Pseudomonas aeruginosa. The antifungal activity of extracted plant species exhibits greater efficiency towards alcoholic solvent.