Extraction of Hydroxyapatite Nanostructures from Marine Wastes for the Fabrication of Biopolymer-Based Porous Scaffolds.

Hengameh Gheysari,Mozhdeh Mazaheri,Banafsheh Dolatyar,Fatemeh Mohandes,Masoud Askari,Abdolreza Simchi

doi:10.3390/md18010026

Hengameh Gheysari, Mozhdeh Mazaheri + Show 4 more

Open Access

https://doi.org/10.3390/md18010026

Copy DOI

Abstract

Three-dimensional porous nanocomposites consisting of gelatin-carboxymethylcellulose (CMC) cross-linked by carboxylic acids biopolymers and monophasic hydroxyapatite (HA) nanostructures were fabricated by lyophilization, for soft-bone-tissue engineering. The bioactive ceramic nanostructures were prepared by a novel wet-chemical and low-temperature procedure from marine wastes containing calcium carbonates. The effect of surface-active molecules, including sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) and hexadecyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB), on the morphology of HA nanostructures is shown. It is demonstrated that highly bioactive and monophasic HA nanorods with an aspect ratio > 10 can be synthesized in the presence of SDS. In vitro studies on the bioactive biopolymer composite scaffolds with varying pore sizes, from 100 to 300 μm, determine the capacity of the developed procedure to convert marine wastes to profitable composites for tissue engineering.

Highlights

Hydroxyapatite (HA), which belongs to the calcium phosphate family, has attracted much attention to disclose a new class of hybrid materials integrating mechanical properties and biological activity [1,2,3]
The results revealed that the organic phase was removed at around 400 ◦ C, and CaCO3 was converted to CaO in the range of 760–800 ◦ C
Monophasic HA nanostructures were prepared by oyster shell powders as precursor via a facile precipitation method

Summary

Introduction

Hydroxyapatite (HA), which belongs to the calcium phosphate family, has attracted much attention to disclose a new class of hybrid materials integrating mechanical properties and biological activity [1,2,3]. HA is biocompatible with surface-active living tissues and possesses chemical and physical similarities to the inorganic phase of human bone and teeth [4,5,6]. The commercial calcium sources are widely used to prepare HA nanostructures [18,19], comprehensive availability, low cost, and biological-natural origin of biowastes are highly attractive properties for the fabrication of HA [20,21]

Methods

Results

Discussion

Conclusion