Abstract
To attain maximum recovery of useful compounds from slaughterhouse waste (Suet, Tongue, Pancreas) of selected ruminant (cow, goat, lamb, and bull), the fat extraction efficiency of popular methods was compared along with fatty acid (FAs) composition. Four selected methods including Soxhlet (SOX), acid hydrolysis, Bligh & dyer (B&D), and Folch (FOL) were assessed. After methylation, extracted lipids were analyzed by Gas chromatography for FA composition. Data indicated that all selected methods were significantly (p < 0.05) different from each other, particularly higher differences were noticed for low lipid-containing products (Tongue, Pancreas) as well as their respective FA Composition. Based on Analysis of Variance and Principal component analysis, the effective method for lipid and FA Composition analysis was the FOL method. The Soxhlet method was only effective for samples with high-fat content i.e., suet, while the B&D method gave comparatively low lipid content in analyzed samples. Hence based on the results, excellent fat and fatty acid extraction was achieved with the FOL method.
Highlights
The generation of waste is a fundamental part of the manufacturing of food products for human utilization
2) Acid Hydrolysis Association of Analytical Chemists method (AOAC) Method 954.02 was employed for fat extraction
In the low-fat containing group, the FOL method extracted a higher amount of fat followed by acid hydrolysis
Summary
The generation of waste is a fundamental part of the manufacturing of food products for human utilization. Slaughterhouse waste is described as an animal carcass component formed during the cutoff of meat for food processing. The nature and amount of waste are different at each step of production, the slaughterhouse products can be classified into four groups 1) the high worth product meat; 2) the inedible part which can be utilized for industrial purposes (for instance bones, hides, blood and hooves; 3) low-cost stuffing (offal); and 4) items having no use (digestive tract matter, slaughterhouse effluent) are predisposed as garbage [2]. The rendering industry produces raw materials for animal and pet food by utilizing parts of the waste material, mostly offal. The rendering process results in primary products like meat meal, hydrolyzed feather meal, Meat and bone meal (MBM), fish meal, poultry meal, blood meal, and animal fats [4]. Significant amounts of essential fatty acids (FAs), vitamins, amino acids, and minerals may be availed by edible meat by-products [5]
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