Abstract
Elionurus hensii yields essential oils composed mainly of para-menthadienols in its stems and about 50 % aristo lone in its roots. These oils, which exhibit anti-microbial and anti-oxidant properties, were extracted by hydro distillation with a local extractor and was analyzed by gas chromatography (GC/FID and GC/MS). To optimize this domestic process, a 23 full factorial design is used to assess the effects and interactions of potentially influential factors. Stems yield 1-2% in essential oil. The extraction time and the degree of division of the plant material had negligible effects on the yield. Only the residual water content had a significant positive effect, together with the interaction between this content and the degree of division. The cumulated content of the four isomeric paramenthadienols present in the oil was insensitive to the effects and interactions of the factors.Roots yield 0.5 - 0.9 % in essential oil. The overall effects and interactions of factors on the yield and the aristo lone content were negligible. Principal component analysis of samples obtained with the experimental design, and their radar plots, indicated a very strong resemblance between oils obtained from the same plant part, and a marked difference between those obtained from different plant parts.
Highlights
The genus Elionurus (Poaceae family), comprising some 20 species, is not well described in the literature
In the first description we published in 2006 of the essential oils from different parts of the plant, we reported that the oils from the aerial parts were mainly composed of p-menthadienols, whereas the roots yielded an oil containing more than 40 % aristolone [9]
The modelling of the extraction process is in principle complex, but can be simplified by a judicious choice of the factors to be studied
Summary
The genus Elionurus (Poaceae family), comprising some 20 species, is not well described in the literature. What work is reported concerns Elyonurus muticus [1], [2], [3], Elionurus elegans [4] and Elyonurus viridulus [5]. The essential oil derived from both the aerial parts (stems) and the below-ground parts (roots) of Elionurus elegans possesses antibacterial, antifungal and http://www.ijoest.com ©International Journal of Engineering Science Technologies [37]. Schum Essential Oil in A Domestic Scale in the “Plateau Des Cataractes” (Congo-Brazzaville) antioxidant properties [4]. Elionurus hensii, which is found in tropical and subtropical regions of South America (Brazil and Argentina), Africa (Republic of Congo, Gabon, DR Congo, Angola) and Australia [8], has been studied only in the Republic of Congo, where this wild plant grows abundantly on the “Plateau des Cataractes”
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