Extraction of biologically active compounds from the residues of pericarps of sugar beet (Beta vulgaris L. ssp. vulgaris)

Abstract

Aim. In the regulation of germination of seeds and of growth and development of seedlings, an important role belongs to biologically active substances that are found in the root of sugar beet (Beta vulgaris L. ssp. vulgaris), mainly in the pericarp. Extraction of secondary metabolites and study of the influence of a multicomponent system of endometabolites (phenolic compounds) of sugar beet pericarps on germination of plant seeds. Methods. The chemical composition of the metabolites of fruits and pericarps of sugar beet was determined by thin-layer chromatography; their differentiated isolation was carried out using column chromatography and gel filtration; The total content of phenolic compounds in fruits and pericarps was determined spectrophotometrically. Results. It was found that sugar beet pericarps contain a considerable amount of phenolic compounds (5-10 %). Four groups of phenolic compounds with different molecular masses were detected. By studying the influence of aquatic extracts on radish seeds, it was found that the eluents of the first volumes of water (3-5 ml) showed a pronounced stimulating effect, whereas further volumes of eluents (8-9 ml) were characterized by inhibitory action. Conclusions. Phenols, flavonoids and their glycosides were detected in extracts of sugar beet pericarps, which can be characterized as highly active inhibitors and growth promoters, therefore they could be used as natural biologically active substances.
 Keywords: sugar beet, pericarp, biologically active compounds, phenols, flavonoids.