Extraction of Amana edulis Induces Liver Cancer Apoptosis.

Yueyang Fan,Huilan Wang,Pengpeng Guo,Lu Zhou,Yinglu Feng,Xiaowei Hou,Xiuhua Lv,Lingling Zhao

doi:10.1155/2018/3927075

Abstract

HCC is one of the fastest-rising causes of cancer-related death. Novel therapeutic approaches for treatment are warranted. The goal of this study is to find effective components from Chinese herbal medicines, which is an important alternative source of anticancer medicine. To this end, six different herbs were selected from various traditional literatures. Soxhlet extractor was used to distill the strong polar and weak polar components of each herb. The inhibitive effect of each component was determined using liver cancer cells BEL7404. From total of 12 extractions, it was found that the combined crude lysate of Amana edulis from water and ethanol system had the best efficacy. At the concentration of 0.1 mg/mL, this component has the highest inhibition rate up to 70%. To investigate the underlying molecular reasons, we observed that the component can significantly induce the liver cancer cells apoptosis and retard the cell reproduction at G2/M stage. Verification experiments showed that this component also has apparent inhibitive effects on other liver cancer cells, such as HepG2 and Huh7. On the other hand, it has less effectiveness on another cell line HepaRG, which retains many characteristics of primary human hepatocytes. The results suggested that there might be highly efficient antihepatoma ingredient in the water and ethanol extraction of Amana edulis. The pure substances remain to be isolated and further research on their targets is required.

Highlights

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) has become one of the leading causes of death and an important public health problem in China because of the increasingly higher morbidity and mortality rates
The human hepatoma cell lines of BEL7404 were cultured in Roswell Park Memorial Institute (RPMI) 1640 Medium supplemented with 10% fetal bovine serum (FBS) [13, 14] and incubated under the condition of 5% CO2 humidified atmosphere at 37∘C with saturated humidity [15, 16]
All ingredients showed significant ability to inhibit the growth of BEL7404 at the concentration of 10mg/mL, whilst only Prunella vulgaris L., Paeonia lactiflora Pall., and Amana edulis in water-ethanol solvent and Prunella vulgaris L. and Vaccaria segetalis (Neck.) Garcke in Petroleum Ether-ethyl acetate retained the ability at the concentration of 0.1mg/mL

Summary

Introduction

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) has become one of the leading causes of death and an important public health problem in China because of the increasingly higher morbidity and mortality rates. It was reported that the death number from HCC ranks second in China, while the current treatment and drug R&D remain backward [1]. Many HCC were detected at advanced stage due to its extended initiation and progression times, with poor liver function, high tumor recurrence rate, and metastasis. Most advanced HCC are unresectable [2]. The effects of these treatments are poor due to unresponsiveness of HCC cells and are often accompanied by multiple side effects including bone marrow depression, hair loss, postembolization syndrome, and liver and renal failure

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