Abstract
The preparation of potassium nitrate from nitric acid and potassium chloride is considered a promising process. It is essential to efficiently separate nitric acid and hydrochloric acid from the crystallization mother liquor containing nitric acid, hydrochloric acid, and potassium salt. This article explored the thermodynamic equilibrium of nitric acid extracted from the nitric acid-hydrochloric acid–potassium chloride system by tributyl phosphate. It was discovered that nitric acid and tributyl phosphate are combined through TBP·HNO3. A constant interfacial area cell was adopted to investigate the extraction kinetics of nitric acid by tributyl phosphate dissolved in sulfonated kerosene. The most obvious finding to emerge from this study is that the extraction of nitric acid in this system occurs at the organic-aqueous interface. Which is jointly controlled by the diffusion of organic phase substances and interfacial chemical reactions. Finally, the mathematical model was established to reasonably describe the overall rate equation of nitric acid extraction, and the corresponding mass transfer coefficient and reaction rate constant were obtained.
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