Abstract
Objective: Algae is the undisputed treasures of the sea and are a valuable raw material, providing unlimited opportunities for new drug discoveries. Marine algal products are in demand in the international market in the form of standardized algal extracts or semi-finished products.
 Methods: Aqueous and methanolic extracts of Oedogonium globosum and Oedogonium intermedium species were obtained maceration and hot percolation. The active principles from O. intermedium were isolated, purified by column chromatography, and characterized by spectral studies IR, λmax, 1HNMR and MS. The extracts of Oedogonium species were screened for their anti-microbial effects, acute dermal irritation and wound-healing activity studies.
 Results: Comparing to Oedogonium intermedium (45 %, 90 %, 87 %), very low extractive yields were obtained for Oedogonium globosum (10.80 %, 37 %, 28 %). At phytochemical screening, Terpenoids, Flavanoids and, Glycans were found to be present in a significant amount and upon their isolation, it was found that a collection of fractions from cold extract with Rf value in the range 0.32-0.34 as Glycans and those from the hot extract with 0.40-0.72 as Flavanoids and those from methanolic extracts with 0.23, 0.44 and 0.71 as for Terpenoids. Anti-bacterial study revealed out the fact of Oedogonium species could give higher inhibition to gram-positive than for gram-negative bacteria at (10 μg/10μl/disc) concentration. No symptoms of systemic toxicity and mortality were observed. Silver sulfadiazine, more potent in wound closure, the effect of methanolic extracts of O. intermedium (87 %) was almost at par to the standard (95 %) in action and significantly greater than O. globosum (72 %, P<0.05).
 Conclusion: Admittedly, Oedogonium type algal species can be known as medicinal algae with a plethora of a wide range of pharmacological activities. Thus, this research work may be considered further for extensive innovative discoveries of new lead molecules and any other pharmacological activities, in the future.
Highlights
Nowadays, esteemed researches involve the transformation of these sponges into rich value biomass co-products in the pharma, nutrition, topical, cosmetic and greenery fields, livestocks, and organic fertilizers 50% of all oxygen production is by these invaluable species [1]
Two species of algae were extracted by cold maceration and hot extraction with distilled water, methanol and, chloroform
Since O. intermedium samples were found to be yielding more quantity of extracts (65 %) comparing to O. globosum (30 %, owing to dampened nature), we started to continue our research with the former algal species of the three extractions of Oedogonium intermedium, the yield of cold methanolic extract (72 %) was found to be significantly greater than hot methanolic (33 %)
Summary
Nowadays, esteemed researches involve the transformation of these sponges into rich value biomass co-products in the pharma, nutrition, topical, cosmetic and greenery fields, livestocks, and organic fertilizers 50% of all oxygen production is by these invaluable species [1]. The marine sponges do contain many chemicals viz., terpenes, sesquiterpenes, terpenoids and steroids, polysaccharides, essential amino acid, vitamins, minerals, cyclic-and peptides, proteins, alkaloids, tannins and phlorotannins, lipids, fatty acids, nucleic acid bases, ribonucleic acid (RNA), de-oxyribo nucleic acid (DNA), macrolides, polyketides [3,4,5]. The proficient biological activities of algae from ancient times to a modern era include antidiabetic, anticancer [8, 9], antivirals, antimicrobials, anti-inflammatory [10], antioxidant [11], anticoagulants, antibiotics [12], antihypertensive agents, blood cholesterol reducers, dilatory agents [13], insecticides and antitumorigenic agents [14], nutritional supplement, for increasing skin thickness and elasticity beauty enhancers, growth factor modulators and other industrial purposes. On all the above background literature studies and analyses, in this paper, we are more interested to report first about its extraction results, microbicidal and wound ameliorating effects of the methanolic and aqueous extracts of Oedogonium globosum and Oedogonium intermedium and secondly on the isolation and characterization of active principles from Oedogonium intermedium
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