Abstract
Awsaj (Lycium barbarum) is a plant belong to family Solanaceae serves as a good source of bioactive compounds like phytosterols which have many important biological activity. Literature survey available so far revealed that there was no studies about Iraqi wild Awsaj phytosterols especially B-sitosterol, there for the objective of this study was to examine the efficiency of ultrasound assisted extraction (probe and bath) as compared to the conventional (Soxhlet) extraction method for extraction of phytosterols especially B-sitosterol from fruits, leaves, stems and roots of Iraqi wild Awsaj plant. This goal was achieved by comparing the extraction mass yield, also by a quick and easy approach for identification and quantification of bioactive B-sitosterol in four parts of Awsaj using high performance thin layer chromatography (HPTLC) which confirm the presence of B-sitosterol in four parts of Iraqi Awsaj plant and the results clarify that the root part of Iraqi Awsaj plant extracted by probe UAE give the highest concentration (0.610 mg/ml) of B-sitosterol followed by fruits (0.465mg/ml), leaves(0.405mg/ml) and the least was stems(0.275mg/ml); according to these; isolation and purification of B-sitosterol from petroleum ether fraction of Awsaj roots was done by preparative HPLC. The isolated compound (B-sitosterol) was identified by measuring melting point, FT-IR, TLC and preparative HPLC.
 Key words: Awsaj, ultrasound assisted extraction (UAE), B-sitosterol, high performance thin layer chromatography (HPTLC), preparative high performance liquid chromatography (PHPLC).
Highlights
Nature has blessed mankind with a treasure of bioactive ingredients which are an emerging field in the context of health and nutrition
Literature survey available so far revealed that there are no study concerned with Awsaj ß-sitosterol in Iraq, the objective of the present study is to extract ßsitosterol from four parts of Iraqi wild Awsaj plant identification and quantification by high performance thin layer chromatography (HPTLC) further more isolation of ß-sitosterol from Awsaj by preparative high performance liquid chromatography (PHPLC)
The results indicated that the HPTLC method was developed for the first time for qualitative identification and quantitative estimation of -sitosterol from four parts of Iraqi Awsaj plant in which qualitative identification was made by comparison of maximum retardation factor (Rf) and UV spectrum of petroleum ether fraction of each part with that of stander -sitosterol as shown in figures 3-6
Summary
Nature has blessed mankind with a treasure of bioactive ingredients which are an emerging field in the context of health and nutrition. The American dietetic association (ADA) define the bioactive ingredients of food as a physiologically active constituent in food or dietary supplement derived from both animal and plant sources including those needed to meet basic human nutritional needs that have been demonstrated to have a role in health and safe of human consumption [1, 2]. -sitosterol in Iraqi Awsaj plant traditional herbal medicine and functional food which possess a large variety of beneficial effects, including antiaging activity [5], immune modulation [6], antioxidant[7], neuroprotective effect[8], anticancer[9], male fertility facilitatory action [10], lower blood pressure and blood cholesterol level[11] as well as hypoglycemic properties [12].
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