Abstract
In this work, an experimental study was carried out to find the best-operating conditions for the study of the extraction percentage (%E) and the separation factor (SF) of La(III) and Ce(III) complexes. To carry out this study, a variation of β-diketone concentrations was used, keeping the concentration of tri-octyl phosphine oxide (TOPO) continuous at 0.05 M. The ratio of organic phase to the aqueous phase (O/A) was also studied. The %E and SF were analyzed and compared in the 1,1,1-trifluoro-2, 4-pentanedione (TFA) with TOPO, and 1,1,1,5,5,5-Hexafluoro-2,4-pentanedione (HFAc) with TOPO in Ionic Liquid (IL) and Kerosene. The one-stage extraction efficiency in IL of La(III) and Ce(III) complexes was 42.13% and 77.48% for the TFA-TOPO system and La(III) and Ce(III) complexes were 94.33% and 97.67% for the HFAc-TOPO system. While the SF between Ce(III) and La(III) complexes was 4.91 for TFA-TOPO and 2.64 for HFAc-TOPO. On the other hand, the one-stage extraction efficiency in Kerosene of La(III) and Ce(III) complexes was 27.57% and 63.70% in the TFA-TOPO system. The one-stage extraction efficiency of La(III) and Ce(III) complexes were 99.87% and 99.73% for the HFAc-TOPO system in Kerosene while the SF between Ce(III) and La(III) complexes was 4.62 for TFA-TOPO and 0.49 for HFAc-TOPO. The main conclusion was that using two extractants (β-diketone and TOPO) produced a synergistic effect improving the extraction capacity and SF of La(III) and Ce(III) complexes for both systems in IL and Kerosene.
Highlights
Lanthanide elements (Lns: La-Lu; 57 - 71) belong to the rare earth series
From the results previously reported in literature [10], it has been verified that the extraction of Ln(III) from an aqueous phase using 2-thenoyltrifluoroacetone (HTTA) and tri-octyl phosphine oxide (TOPO) in the Ionic Liquid (IL) is governed by the following extraction reaction
There is available literature on extractants and their application on lanthanide recovery [4] [20] [21] [22] [23]. Extractants, such as β-diketone and TOPO have been used in synergistic extraction studies of lanthanides [9] [10] [11] [15]
Summary
Lanthanide elements (Lns: La-Lu; 57 - 71) belong to the rare earth series They are critical in many high-tech industries, such as hybrid cars, wind turbines, flat-screen televisions, mobile phones, and defense technologies [1]. Synergistic of the extraction and separation efficiencies of lanthanoid(III) Ions by forming charged adducts in an ionic liquid [9]. The desired solvent should be non-volatile, non-flammable, low toxicity, high efficiency, high stability, low cost, weak acid, and base These characteristics are fundamental to the extraction of Lns(III). As a green solvent, ionic liquids gained considerable attention They showed tremendous potential for an eco-friendly Lns(III) separation. The work aims to perform synergistic extraction using an organic phase containing a solvent medium with a β-diketone (HFAc or TFA) and TOPO. The O/A ratio will be studied and evaluated in the first extraction stage
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