Abstract
Tamarind seed polysaccharide (TSP), a natural polysaccharide extracted from tamarind seeds is used in the pharmaceutical, textile and food industries as a mucoadhesive polymer. This work aimed to extract TSP from tamarind seeds from three sources with two methods and characterized its physical and chemical properties. Kernel powder of tamarind seeds was slurried into a clear solution, set aside overnight and then centrifuged at 6000 rpm for 20 min to separate all foreign matter. The supernatant was separated and poured into excess 95% ethanol with continuous stirring. The precipitate obtained was collected and dried in the oven and then the dried TSP polymer was stored in a desiccator. The dried TSP was analyzed by 1H-NMR, FT-IR and XRD. The results showed TSP from tamarind seeds taken from paddy farmland (A), a waste from the export tamarind juice industry (B) and the export tamarind powder industry(C) gave yields of 31.55%, 26.95% and 17.30%, respectively, using method 1 and 11.15%, 53.65% and 54.65%, with method 2, respectively, but method 2 gave purer TSP than method 1. The FT-IR spectra displayed peaks at 3351.95 cm−1, 2920.76 cm−1, 1018.85 cm−1 and 555.16 cm−1. The 1H-NMR showed polysaccharide peaks between δ 3.50–4.20 ppm and XRD diagrams indicated their amorphous nature. Future works will focus on the quantitative analysis, biological activity and possible use of TSP as a drug delivery system.
Highlights
Natural polymers or gums have been used in the preparation of release and controlled release drug dosage forms, because of their great properties, such as biodegradability, non-toxicity, biocompatibility in Nature and swelling when they come in contact with aqueous media
The oil extracted from its seeds is rich in eicosanoic fatty acids such as palmitic, oleic and linoleic, the highest concentrations corresponding to linoleic acid and palmitic acid, present in 36%–49% and 14%–20%, respectively [2]
The kernel powder (20 g) from seeds taken from paddy paddyfarmland farmland(A), (A), a waste the export tamarind juice industry (B) export and the export from a waste fromfrom the export tamarind juice industry (B) and the tamarind tamarind powder industry (C)
Summary
Natural polymers or gums have been used in the preparation of release and controlled release drug dosage forms, because of their great properties, such as biodegradability, non-toxicity, biocompatibility in Nature and swelling when they come in contact with aqueous media. Belongs to the Leguminosae family [1]. The oil extracted from its seeds is rich in eicosanoic fatty acids such as palmitic, oleic and linoleic, the highest concentrations corresponding to linoleic acid and palmitic acid, present in 36%–49% and 14%–20%, respectively [2]. Tamarind seed polysaccharide (TSP), is a natural branched polysaccharide polymer with a molecular weight of 700–880 kDa [3]. TSP constitutes about 65% of the tamarind seed composition [4].
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