Abstract
Chitosan is one of the most studied polysaccharides nowadays. Because it is non-toxic, widely used in food, pharmaceutical processes, agricultural, and presents excellent biological properties such as biodegradation in the human body, and antibacterial. In the present study we reported the extraction of low cost chitosans (Cs1, Cs2, Cs3 and Cs4) from shrimp shells by extraction of chitin (Egypt: case study), then alkaline deacetylation of chitin with strong alkaline solution at different period of time. The different prepared chitosans (Cs1, Cs2, Cs3 and Cs4) were characterized by FTIR spectroscopy, thermal stability, morphology, crystallography, elemental analysis and degree of deacetylation. The data showed that the prepared chitosan Cs2 has the most thermal stability and the highest degree of deacetylation.
Highlights
A white hard polysaccharide chitin, which known as 2-acetamido-2-deoxy-Dgluco-pyranose units through (1 → 4) linkage, is extracted from the crustacean’s exoskeletons and from crabs and shrimps [1] [2]
In the present study we reported the extraction of low cost chitosans (Cs1, Cs2, Cs3 and Cs4) from shrimp shells by extraction of chitin (Egypt: case study), alkaline deacetylation of chitin with strong alkaline solution at different period of time
Since it is non-toxic and presents excellent biological properties such as biodegradation in the human body, immunological, antibacterial, and wound-healing activity [3] [4], as shown in (Scheme 1), chitosan has been widely used in food and pharmaceutical processes and in medical and agricultural drugs [5] [6] [7] [8] [9]
Summary
A white hard polysaccharide chitin, which known as 2-acetamido-2-deoxy-Dgluco-pyranose units through (1 → 4) linkage, is extracted from the crustacean’s exoskeletons and from crabs and shrimps [1] [2]. The alkaline deacetylation of chitin produces a very useful material chitosan, which known as a copolymer of (1 → 4) linked 2-amino-2-deoxy-D-gluco-pyranose units, and it is found naturally in some fungal cell walls. Since it is non-toxic and presents excellent biological properties such as biodegradation in the human body, immunological, antibacterial, and wound-healing activity [3] [4], as shown in (Scheme 1), chitosan has been widely used in food and pharmaceutical processes and in medical and agricultural drugs [5] [6] [7] [8] [9]. Chitosan has a broad-spectrum antimicrobial activity against both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria [13]
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