Abstract
Plant extracellular vesicles (EVs) are membranous vesicles secreted by plant cells, with a lipid bilayer as the basic skeleton, which encapsulates various active substances such as proteins and nucleic acids. Plant exosomes are nanoscale vesicles secreted by plant cells, containing DNA, small RNA, sRNA, microRNA, miRNA and proteins, which mediate cell-to-cell communication. Plant exosomes play antiinflammatory, antiviral, anti-fibrosis, anti-tumor and other roles through the substances contained in them, and participate in the defense response to pathogen invasion. Plant exosome nanoparticles are mostly edible and can be used as delivery vehicles for specific drugs without toxicity or side effects. In this chapter, the recent literature reports on plant exosomes are reviewed, and the sources and functions of plant exosomes are summarized and analyzed.
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